Diabetus Mellitus--DM--
DM:is group of disease charactrised by decrease concentration or impaired action of insulin with several metabolic disorder as;
1-hyperlipidemia
2-Glycation of protiens.
.3- several events.
DIGNOSIS OF DM:
Dignosis of DM acheived when fasting blood glocose level higher than 7mmol\L and random B.G.L higher than 11.1mmol\L. for at at least 2 occation.
DM CLACIFICATION;
1-Type -I- DM;
The incidence of this type 15% .The age is mostly less than 40 years. the cause absolute insulin defficiency.
Ketoacidosis is frequent. insulin required for treatment.
2-Type-II-DM.
The incidence 85%.The age more than 40 years.the cause impaired action or secretion of insulin.Ketoacidosis less frequent.treatedby insulin or OHA.
3-Other types of DM:
a-genetic defect of B-cell function or insulin action.
b-absolute insulin defficiency;as panceatic disease,cystic fibrosis.
c-relative insulin defficiency;asacromegaly,cushing disease.
d-Drugs as thiazide, interferon,glococorticoid.
e- Infection; cytomegalo virus
f- Genetic syndrome;Downs and turner syndrome.
4- Gestation DM.
5- Impaired glucose tolerance: normal fasting but abnormal random BGL.
Acute complication of DM:
1- Ketoacidosis.
2- Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma.
3- Hypoglycemia.
Chronic complication ofDM;
1-Nephropathy: As RF, proteinuria.
2-Retinopathy: As cataract because of glycosylation of lens protein.
3-Angiopathy: As thrombosis, atherosclerosis.
4-Neuropathy: Astingling sensation of feet and hands treated by tegretol.
Types of drugs used in DM:
1-oral hypoglycemic agent.Include,Dionil, Novonorm, Metformin and other.
2-Insulin:asmixtard,Lenti,Semilenti,Soluble insulin and other.
----------------------------------------;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;-------------------------------------Good Luck From Zh aljamal.
DM:is group of disease charactrised by decrease concentration or impaired action of insulin with several metabolic disorder as;
1-hyperlipidemia
2-Glycation of protiens.
.3- several events.
DIGNOSIS OF DM:
Dignosis of DM acheived when fasting blood glocose level higher than 7mmol\L and random B.G.L higher than 11.1mmol\L. for at at least 2 occation.
DM CLACIFICATION;
1-Type -I- DM;
The incidence of this type 15% .The age is mostly less than 40 years. the cause absolute insulin defficiency.
Ketoacidosis is frequent. insulin required for treatment.
2-Type-II-DM.
The incidence 85%.The age more than 40 years.the cause impaired action or secretion of insulin.Ketoacidosis less frequent.treatedby insulin or OHA.
3-Other types of DM:
a-genetic defect of B-cell function or insulin action.
b-absolute insulin defficiency;as panceatic disease,cystic fibrosis.
c-relative insulin defficiency;asacromegaly,cushing disease.
d-Drugs as thiazide, interferon,glococorticoid.
e- Infection; cytomegalo virus
f- Genetic syndrome;Downs and turner syndrome.
4- Gestation DM.
5- Impaired glucose tolerance: normal fasting but abnormal random BGL.
Acute complication of DM:
1- Ketoacidosis.
2- Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma.
3- Hypoglycemia.
Chronic complication ofDM;
1-Nephropathy: As RF, proteinuria.
2-Retinopathy: As cataract because of glycosylation of lens protein.
3-Angiopathy: As thrombosis, atherosclerosis.
4-Neuropathy: Astingling sensation of feet and hands treated by tegretol.
Types of drugs used in DM:
1-oral hypoglycemic agent.Include,Dionil, Novonorm, Metformin and other.
2-Insulin:asmixtard,Lenti,Semilenti,Soluble insulin and other.
----------------------------------------;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;-------------------------------------Good Luck From Zh aljamal.
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